Relationship between General Temperament (Mizaj), Uterine Temperament, and Apgar Score with Placenta Accreta in Pregnant Mothers Candidates for Caesarean Section: A Case-Control Study

Mizaj (temperament) is an important concept in Persian medicine that has many applications in the diagnosis, prevention, care, and treatment of many diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between placenta accreta and the state of the general and uterine temperament and Apgar score of newborns in mothers candidates for cesarean section.

A case-control study was performed in mothers who were candidates for caesarean section. The subjects included expectant mothers with placenta accreta (n= 33) and a control group (n= 66). Current general and uterine temperament were measured using Mojahedi and Tansas questionnaire. Demographic variables and Apgar score of newborns was measured using the Apgar International Standard Checklist Score. T-test and Chi-square were used to compare the data.

Demographic characteristics were similar between the two groups. In pregnant mothers with placenta accreta the mean scores for total warm-cold and wet-dry temperaments were 14.81±1.55 and 3.72±1.23, respectively. In the control group, these scores were 16.81±4.38 and 3.39±0.65, respectively (P<0.002). The chance of placenta accreta in cold-tempered mothers was 8.571 compared to warm-tempered mothers. The chance of placenta accreta in pregnant women with cold-tempered uterine was 15.385 times higher compared to pregnant women with warm-tempered uterine. Those with dry uterus were 10.35 times more likely to develop placenta accreta compared to mothers with wet temperament. The mean score for warm-cold tempered uterine in the placenta accreta group was 33.27±2.21 and for wet-dry tempered uterine was 11.45±1.58 and in the control group the scores were 39.60±5.20 and 13.71±2.16, respectively (P<0.001).

The chances of developing placenta accreta is higher in mothers candidate for Caesarean section with general and cold uterine temperament than in other temperamental conditions. Also, the chance of contracting placenta accreta is higher in mothers with wet general temperament and dry uterine temperament. Applying necessary measures based on the principles of Persian medicine is suggested for pregnant mothers in the early stages of pregnancy.