The Contemporary School of Thought of Qom with its Jurisprudential-Social Approach and Its Scientific and Cultural Impact on Islam

The Qom school of thought is one of the most important and influential scientific and cultural currents in the history of Shiism. This school has been the source of many practical, cultural, social and political developments. According to historical sources, the beginning of the formation of this school is mentioned in the beginning of the second century of Hijri and after the migration of Ash'aris from Kufa to Qom. The school of thought of Qom, after twelve centuries of ups and downs, finally in the fourteenth century, becomes the source of a huge transformation in the Islamic world, which is unprecedented in its kind. The following article intends to examine and research the course of development and important historical moments of this school of thought and deals with the most important intellectual approaches of this school in the contemporary period and how it played a role in the events of this period. The result obtained through this research indicates that the central idea of the Qom school of thought was to preserve and protect the teachings of the Ahl al-Bayt school and publish and expand it; As in the contemporary era, by reproducing itself, it has protected and protected this precious heritage against the western winds and the flow of modernization. In fact, it can be said; The school of thought of Qom, in two important historical places, as the flag bearer of Shi'ism, has risen against two currents that threaten resistance and activity: the current of the caliphate in the early centuries and the current of modernization in the contemporary era.