An analysis of the deficiencies and spatial distribution of urban parks in Mashhad metropolitan

This paper aims to identify the effective parameters in the location of parks using the DPSIR model and to analyze the shortcomings and inconsistencies of green spaces in Mashhad.

The research is descriptive-analytical, and the study method is DPSIR pattern. The method of collecting data is based on documentary and fieldwork. After assessing the current situation and identifying deficiencies using the DPSIR model, driving forces, pressures, status, effect, and response are identified, and ten criteria for suitable location are extracted. SDSS and GIS have been exerted to analyze the data.

The findings show that only 22% of the residents are close to the parks. Additionally, neighboring parks are incompatible with (cultural and educational) land uses, and only 36% are nearby. In terms of the new perspective, green space is a place not only for ecological efficiency but also a place for social returns. So, its real per capita is 4.17 square meters, which is very different from the per capita the responsible institutions give(14.16 m2).

The results show that the driving forces include population density, unplanned development of the city, change of usage, and weak urban planning laws, and the pressures on the urban environment include the increase in building density, changes in lifestyles, informal settlements, and the existence of more than 25 million pilgrims annually. Among the effects of this deficiency, we can mention the destruction of ecological quality, the reduction of the aesthetics of neighborhoods and the increase of air pollution, the reduction of the sense of social interactions, and the reduction of social vitality.

Innovation: 

The innovative aspect of this paper is integrating the DPSIR model and the principles of the minimum distance allocation model. Therefore, this research goes one step further. After evaluating the environmental condition of Mashhad city through the DPSIR model and providing answers, it presents them as solutions to solve problems in the form of GIS maps of proposed parks in different areas.