Politics and Consequences of the Janusian Face of Modernity in Contemporary Iraqi Literature based on International Law (Case Study: Kazem Al-Sammavi and Shirko Bikas)

In the twentieth century, modernity entered the domestic and foreign politics of the Middle East countries with its positive and negative (Janusian) faces. Contemporary Iraqi Kurdish and Arab poets such as Kazim Al-Samawi and Shirko Bikas in their poems identified such a detestable face, including the phenomenon of the nation-state, genocide and crimes against humanity, which were displayed by internal and external colonizers. It turned out that the historical beginning of this event was the beginning of the establishment and creation of heterogeneous nation-states in the Middle East by foreign colonizers, which were created from the division of the territory of the Ottoman Empire as puppet states under their tutelage. These two poets, in order to deal with this phenomenon, called for the violation of the rule of law "prohibition of resorting to force". This means that the people of their community encouraged the intifada and struggle and the "right to resort to force" in line with the right of "legitimate defense". The present descriptive-analytical research seeks to introduce these two poets and analyze their poems based on international law and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in such a way that the duality of modernity in the field of politics, which has shown its dark face in the society, van be fully indicated. A major result was the technology employed by a government like Baath, whose act of genocide and crimes against humanity were the direct product of the modern world.