The rights of religious minorities in international law with a look at the constitution of Iran and Malaysia

From a legal point of view, the word minority includes those human groups that are usually in marginal positions and conditions from a legal, political, cultural and economic point of view. The purpose of this research is to analyze and explain the rights of religious minorities in the international law system, the constitution of Iran and Malaysia.
This research is of theoretical type and the research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library and has been done by referring to documents, books and articles.
The concept of religious minorities in the international law system and the domestic law systems of countries does not have a single definition; This issue is the main source of existing differences of opinion.
Ethical Considerations: In order to organize this research, while observing the authenticity of the texts, honesty and fidelity have been observed.
In Iran, with the recognition of the Shia religion in Article 12 of the Constitution, the rights of religious minorities should be recognized in the Constitution and these religions should be respected. Regarding the rights of religious minorities in Malaysia, considering the secularity of the political system of Malaysia the phrase "Islam is the official religion of the Federation" does not have any legal effect beyond the sending of participants to any religious ceremonies that perform their rites in accordance with Muslim religious ceremonies at the federal level.