The Right to Judicial Security in the Persian Constitution of 1906 and the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Judicial security has been identified in the field of public law with the aim of guaranteeing the principle of “sovereignty” of law and protecting the fundamental rights of citizens through the application of fair trial rules and procedures. This goal was pursued first in the constitutional revolution, by trying to establish a house of justice and observing justice and equality in the application of Sharia rules and customary laws, and then it was institutionalized in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, by recognizing the right to fair judicial security and equality of all before the law, and the Judicial System of the Islamic Republic of Iran was introduced as committed to supporting individual and social rights and responsible for the realization of justice. In this regard, approving the document of judicial security in October 2019, which is actually regarded as reviving the important legal principles and the fundamental rights of citizens in the domain of Iran's public law, considers the judiciary to be more committed and obliged to observe citizen's rights and protect legal freedoms than ever. Using analytical-descriptive method, this research seeks to answer the question whether judicial security has been recognized as a fundamental right in the constitutional law of the Islamic Republic of Iran. What can be deduced from this article is that the idea of ​​justice and providing and guaranteeing the right to judicial security of the citizens has been taken into consideration by the constitutional legislator both in the Persian Constitution of 1906 and with more detail and emphasis in the 1979 constitution; i.e., the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran.