Evaluation of nanoparticle size of drug carriers by electron microscopy in improving cancer treatment

The global rise in cancer cases highlights the need for effective therapeutic strategies that not only reduce side effects but also enhance performance and efficacy. Conventional treatments such as medical methods, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy have limitations and safety concerns. To address these issues, drug delivery systems (DDSs) or nano drug delivery systems( NDDSs) have been proposed to release drugs specifically on cancer cells while sparing normal tissue. pH-responsive systems have been developed to improve the selectivity of anticancer drugs by taking advantage of the lower pH of tumor sites. This approach minimizes side effects and overdosage and is made possible by enhanced permeability and retention (EPR), which increases drug accumulation at tumor sites. Particle size is a crucial factor in nanocarriers containing anticancer drugs, and in this study, for the first time, the particle size of nanocarriers (nano systems)was analyzed using electron microscopy to improve the release of anticancer drugs.