A Systematic analysis on Creative City Literature and Identification of its Relevant Components and Indices

Nowadays, cities worldwide are faced with numerous problems. Due to the special role of the cities as the main locus for the development of social and wisdom contexts, they gained a central significance in the economic development of societies. Application of this theory's components and indices may help economic growth, social, cultural, and spatial flourishing of the cities. Thus, the present study is an attempt to review the theoretical literature of the "Creative City" concept to recognize its relevant components and indices. This has been undertaken through analysis of relevant literature based on meta-analysis and through a systematic framework of analysis. Through conducting searches in relevant references using keywords including "creative city", and "urban creativity", a total of 58 papers have been extracted from Science Direct and Google Scholar databases. Finally, it has been turned out that there are five dimensions for a creative city including social, cultural, economic, environmental, institutional, i.e., governance and applied, and finally spatial. Besides, it has 15 components and 134 indices. Finally, the conceptual model of the creative city has been presented based on the main structures, background conditions, requirements, and implications of creative city realization. The study results suggest that planning and policymaking are among the main challenges involved in the realization of creative cities within developing countries. Moreover, the recommended strategies for the realization of creative cities include an emphasis on creative urban leadership and governance, benefiting from citizens' and creative class ideas in planning and policymaking initiatives, supporting the entrepreneurs and creative people, and finally transparency in city management.