The Effect of Eight Weeks of HIIT Training with the Consumption of Crocetin Extract on the Expression of Some Indicators of Angiogenesis in the Heart Tissue of Pre-Diabetic and Diabetic Aged Rats

Diabetes is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Although the favorable role of physical activity and antioxidants in people's health has been reported, the simultaneous effect of HIIT and crocetin on angiogenesis in heart tissue is not well known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of intermittent aerobic training with the consumption of crocetin extract on some indicators of angiogenesis in the heart tissue of prediabetic and diabetic aged rats.

the present experimental study was conducted in 2022. Forty-five elderly male mice with diabetes aged 14-16 weeks and weighing 30-35 grams were divided into groups; Pre-diabetic, pre-diabetic+aerobic exercise, pre-diabetic+crocetin, pre-diabetic + aerobic + crocetin, diabetic, diabetic + aerobic exercise, diabetic + crocetin and diabetic + aerobic + crocetin. In order to investigate the effect of modeling on the variables, 5 rats were included in the healthy control group. HIIT aerobic exercise was performed for eight weeks, five sessions per training week, and a dose of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) was injected. And the mice received crocetin at the rate of 30 mg/kg per day by intraperitoneal injection. The expression level of FGF and No genes was measured by Real time RT-PCR technique. The collected data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.

The expression values of FGF-2 in the pre-diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement and the diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement were significantly higher than other groups (P≥0.05); NO gene expression values in the pre-diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement and diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement were significantly lower than other groups (P≥0.05). The insulin and glucose levels in the pre-diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement and the diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement were significantly lower than other groups (P≥0.05).

It seemed that interval aerobics and crocetin were effective both alone and synergistically in improving angiogenesis in heart tissue with pre-diabetes and diabetes. Therefore, the use of periodic aerobics and crocetin is recommended in pre-diabetes and senile diabetes.