Saudi Arabia's Foreign Policy Towards the Horn of Africa (2011-2022): From Economic Activism to Changing Power Equations in the Middle East

Considering the recent developments in the Middle East region as well as the political developments in the region known as the Horn of Africa, Saudi Arabia, as an important country in the Middle East, has accelerated its presence and influence in the Horn of Africa region. Saudi Arabia has increased its influence in this region by using political, security and even economic and commercial tools. Therefore, the main goal of the present study is to investigate the goals and interests of Saudi Arabia's foreign policy in the Horn of Africa. The authors of the research have conducted a scientific and theoretical investigation of the main goal of the research by using library sources and using the analytical-explanatory method. The authors of this article, by examining the foreign policy of Saudi Arabia in the Horn of Africa, have come to the conclusion that the presence of Saudi Arabia in the strategic region of the Horn of Africa is affected by several economic-commercial and political-security goals; In fact, the presence of Saudi Arabia in the Horn of Africa originates from the interaction of domestic and regional economic and political activities, which has led to its active role in the Horn of Africa. "A significant part of Saudi Arabia's presence and influence in the Horn of Africa is influenced by its network of foreign policy interests, which includes political-security concerns in the field of regional politics, as well as its domestic economic-political interests and concerns." As a result, Saudi Arabia is solving a significant part of its internal and regional concerns by using economic, commercial, security and political tools in this region