Pioneers of women's fiction writing in Persian and Arabic literature (with a focus on female storytellers in the nineteenth century)

Women writers in Iran and Arab countries have always been able to express their stance in writing their fictional works and were welcomed by the public in this respect. Story writers emphasized that women show the reader a special meaning of the female experience that male literature is not able to reveal. Accordingly, they tried to write works directly related to the experiences of women. The current study was conducted in the fields of formation and development of women's writing in the fictional literature of two countries based on the American School of Comparative Literature and the descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research indicate that the first period of women fiction writing in Persian and Arabic literature expresses the feelings of oppression, suffering, and deprivation. The second stage, is the period of restoration of women's identity and raises the issue of the right to choose, women's freedom, and discrimination of women's identity. Getting out of negativity and promoting the acceptance level of the women's role from the home environment to different levels of society, including political, economic, social, and cultural features, and choosing the hero among women, are among the most important features of women’s fictional works in the third period of women’s writing in Persian and Arabic literature. The women writers' efforts to show a female narrative and represent women's identity are presented in different ways at different levels of the text such as the use of words, characterization, and the choice of the female hero and narrator.