A comparative study of friendship and tolerance in the life of the Prophet and its application in the Alawite government, with a focus on the sources of the narratives of Islamic schools of thought

Friendship and tolerance are among the pillars of moral society and Islamic ethics, which, due to the inevitability of human life in interaction with others, as an effective religious and social solution they facilitate relationships. The frequent command to friendship and tolerance can be seen in the verses of the Holy Qur'an, the words and deeds of the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the Commander of the Faithful (PBUH), which results such as increasing sustenance and blessings, overcoming hardships, achieving goals, the health of the religion and the world, and achieving success and wisdom. This research tries, while explaining the importance of friendship and tolerance in the sayings of the Two Weighty People, to express its progress and its consequences, and its application in the life of the Messenger (PBUH) and its compatibility with the Alavi government and to answer these questions: firstly, What were the most important cases of friendship and tolerance in the government of the Prophet (PBUH)? Secondly, how much compatibility and application does friendship and tolerance in Imam Ali's (PBUH) government life have with the Prophet's (PBUH) life? In this article, by using the descriptive-analytical method, while presenting a precise and comprehensive meaning of the concept of "friendship and tolerance" and its components, by studying authentic narrative and historical sources of the parties, the biological type of the Messenger of God (PBUH) with seven different groups. including "combatants", "rebels", "refusal of allegiance", "opponents", "insulters", "perpetrators and messengers of terror" and "followers of religions and sects and people of dhimma" have been examined and their most important methods and instructions in this cases have been identified and explained, and the degree of compatibility of each of these with friendship and tolerance in the government of Imam Ali (A.S.) has also been examined. The results of the research show that in all the mentioned cases, similar to this type of tolerance and behavior, as an example of the narration of "Hadzoo al-Naal with the Naal", we also witness in the life and rule of the Amir of the Faithful (A.S.).