The Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels of Non-Diabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical Trial

This study aims to investigate the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in non-diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis and the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on HbA1 levels.

In this clinical trial study, 40 non-diabetic subjects 30 to 50 years old were selected in the study in two case and control groups. The case group included 20 non-diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis and the control group included 20 non-diabetic subjects with healthy periodontium. Clinical periodontal parameters included pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured in all subjects. The case group received non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Subjects were re-evaluated for periodontal and HbA1c after three months.

Before the non-surgical periodontal treatment, the level of HbA1c in the case group was higher than in the control group (P<0.001). The level of HbA1c before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment in the intervention group was 5/45±0/62% and 5/23±0/69% respectively, which according to the analysis, the difference is significant (P<0.0001), while in the control group, the level of HbA1c before and after does not show a significant difference (P = 0.66).

This study showed that chronic periodontitis could affect glycemic control in otherwise systemically healthy individuals. Periodontal therapy improved periodontal health status and decreased HbA1c levels.