Layered analysis of obstacles to achieve scientific authority at individual, organizational and subject levels in medical sciences

The purpose of this study is to investigate the layered analysis of obstacles in the way of achieving scientific authority at different individual, organizational and subject levels in medical sciences. The present study is a qualitative study of the content analysis type, the data of which is obtained from the integration of the findings of the review of related studies, interviews with experts, and data from group discussion sessions. Using a coded search strategy, studies related to the obstacles to achieving scientific authority in Iran were retrieved in databases such as SID, PubMed, and Scopus, And then their content, along with the content of interviews and group discussion sessions, were analyzed by framework analysis using the cause layered analysis (CLA) framework. The findings of this study examined the barriers of scientific authority in layers and at four levels. At the obvious level (litany), obvious issues and defects such as the lack of facilities and manpower that are visible at first glance were examined, at the structural level, defects and problems that are found in hard structures (organizations) or soft structures (laws and regulations) There are problems such as meritocracy or cumbersome rules and regulations. At the cultural level, the underlying problems and defects that exist secretly in every member of the society and cause problems at higher levels were investigated, including the weak spirit of collective work, insufficient belief in the principles of cooperative management, and lawlessness. And finally, at the fourth level of underlying beliefs and values, basic and very hidden problems such as self-conceit and looking outside, and believing in the superiority of the individual over the collective, which lead to the emergence of cultural defects and problems at higher levels, were examined. Identifying the existing obstacles on the way of scientific authority will play a significant role in developing a comprehensive road map in this direction. Therefore, reforming institutionalized values and beliefs at the level of society and universities will change cultural views and change people's attitudes and take effective steps towards scientific authority in the country.