Exploring Geothermal Potential through Multi-Modal Geophysical Data Integration: Gravity, Magnetic, and Magnetotelluric Prospecting

This study presents a comprehensive geophysical investigation of the Sabalan geothermal area in Iran, utilizing magnetic, gravity, and magnetotelluric (MT) data. These data have been inverted to a depth of 5000 meters. Magnetic data inversion accurately identified faults or fractures. Gravity data inversion produced a density model distinguishing intrusive masses, reservoirs, and cover units. MT data inversion utilized apparent resistivity and phase data for both TM and TE modes. The resulting models were compared with geological cross-sections to assess their accuracy and consistency. The integration of geophysical models yielded a comprehensive geological conceptual model for the Sabalan region. Heat sources, hydrothermal reservoirs, and potential geothermal fluid pathways were identified, demonstrating the effectiveness of geophysical methods in subsurface mapping. Consistency with newer Sabalan models based on drilling and geological data increased confidence in findings.