Maternal BMI and Hb for the prediction of placental weight and neonatal outcome

Anthropomorphic and parametric features of mothers are associated with placental weight (PW) changes and its function. Anthropomorphic and parametric features can affect neonatal well-being. The aim of this research was to assess the prediction role of maternal body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin (Hb) in placental weight and neonatal outcome.

This study was a correlational descriptive–analytical study. The data were collected using a demographic-reproductive questionnaire completed by 365 parturient women referred to Valiasr Hospital in Kazeroun, Fars, Iran from May 1 to August 31, 2020. The inclusion criteria were singleton delivery at term (37–42 weeks) and mothers’ consent to attend the study after recovery. The exclusion criteria were retained placenta, multiple pregnancies, and mothers’ discontent to participate in the study. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. All analyses were carried out with SPSS V.21. The significance level was considered less than 0.05.

The findings of the study showed that maternal BMI in early pregnancy (β = 0.20, P < 0.01), and gestational age (β = 0.24, P < 0.01) were the positive predictive factors for placental weight. Also, among the maternal traits, only maternal hemoglobin (β =0.14, P < 0.001) turned out to be a positive predictor for the neonate’s Apgar score. Of all fetal features, only neonatal weight had a significant correlation with placental weight (P < 0.01).

Mother’s BMI and Hb can predict placental weight and neonatal outcome. According to this finding, caregivers can help pregnant women with congruent education about proper nutrition to reach a safe BMI and create a positive outcome for the placenta and the newborn.