Impact of nanomagnetic graphene oxide (MGO) drug delivery with gonadotropin on glutathione levels and free radicals in oocytes during in vivo maturation of NMRI mice

In assisted reproductive techniques (ART) to obtain more oocyte, it is important to use nanomaterials based on graphene oxide (GO) and superparamagnetic Fe3O4, which increase the effectiveness of the drug in the appropriate dose. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of nano-magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) drug delivery with gonadotropin on glutathione levels and free radicals in oocytes during in vivo maturation of NMRI mice.

In this experimental study, 30 female NMRI mice were divided into 6 groups of 5 each, including a control group receiving PMSG and HCG hormones, a control group without hormones, a PMSG hormone group with nano-MGO, a PMSG and HCG hormone group with nano-MGO, and a nano-MGO group. Ovulation-stimulating hormone (Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin; PMSG) was intraperitoneally injected followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) after 48 hours. Twelve hours later, the number of metaphase II oocytes retrieved from the left fallopian tubes was counted in each group. Immunocytochemical staining for glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was performed, and ovarian histological examination was conducted.

Simultaneous administration of HCG and PMSG with nano-MGO significantly increased cytoplasmic GSH expression compared to the control hormone group (P<0.01). The group treated with a combination of hormones and MGO showed a significant increase in the number of corpus luteum (P<0.01). The level of ROS in groups treated with nano-MGO and hormone did not differ significantly from the group receiving only hormones.

Nano-MGO may enhance the efficacy of ovulation hormones, improve protein and hormone absorption in ovarian tissue, and with further research, could potentially be utilized in the development of ovulation drugs.