Investigation of the Reasons for the Emergence of the Religious Nature of Government in the Islamic Revolution from the Perspective of Martyr Morteza Motahhari

This research aims to examine the reasons for the emergence of the religious nature of government in the Islamic Revolution from the viewpoint of Martyr Morteza Motahhari using the intentional hermeneutics method, particularly Skinner's approach. Utilizing Skinner's intentional hermeneutics method, the study demonstrates that during the Pahlavi era, Iran faced challenges that remained unresolved despite the intellectual and political capacities of Western modernity and Iranian constitutionalism, especially during World War II, leading to the reoccupation and humiliation of Iranians. In these circumstances, religious scholars, especially since the Tobacco Movement, have proposed applying Islamic laws for both fixed and variable needs and advocated for a people-centric administration. The state of political and social decadence laid the foundation for contemporary developments in Iran, exacerbating the crises in either absolutist traditional political systems or adherence to left and right modernist ideologies in constitutional and pseudo-modern dictatorships. The intellectual and religious justification for the possibility of the political guardianship of the jurist (Velayat-e Faqih) by Imam Khomeini, a student of Martyr Motahhari, eliminated the legal barrier to establishing a religiously-oriented government during the occultation of the Twelfth Imam (A.S.). Consequently, the political nature of religion manifested itself in the Islamic Revolution 1979.