Investigating the obstacles of perfection and the ways to face them, from Attar Neyshabouri's point of view, relying on the Mantiq al-Tair

One of the issues of the divine and human schools has been self-knowledge; Because by recognizing human characteristics, a program tailored to his needs can be prepared for him. One of the dimensions of self-knowledge is awareness of its negative aspects. Recognizing weaknesses and shortcomings is a way to fight and eliminate these shortcomings. Muslim mystics have made great efforts to know and identify the soul, the place of emergence, and to enrich and strengthen their views of the Qur'an. Karim and the statements of the Infallibles (peace be upon them), which were connected to the great source of revelation, have been used. The purpose of this study is to study the word nafs from Attar Neyshabouri's point of view in the Mantiq al-Tair and the extent of his influence on the Holy Quran and the narrations of the Infallibles (peace be upon them) in this regard. According to the results of the research, Attar's perception of the soul in the Mantiq al-Tair is often a negative perception and is consistent with the ego in the Holy Qur'an. He has repeatedly used verses and hadiths to express the characteristics of the soul. Sometimes he has used a part of a verse or hadith and sometimes he has used its meaning