The Effect of Cultural Relations between Iran and China on the Design of Hand-woven Carpets of the Safavid Era in Iran and Ming and Qing in China

Safavid in Iran coincides with Ming and Qing (16, 17 and 18 ad centuries) in China. In this period hand woven carpets have a special place in the history of these two countries in terms of design and production. silk road that contact Iran to China, caused the transfer of carpet culture and trade along this road. Considering that antique Chinese carpets have been less studied by researchers, reciprocal influences in hand woven carpets design between Iran and China have been not considered. This research is an attempt to study the reciprocal influences of hand woven carpets in Iran and China with a comparative - historical method. Therefore, by collecting data as a document and whit using an analysis-description approach, comparing Iranian and Chinese hand woven carpets to determine their commonalities. in this research without considering the appear progress and evolution of motifs in history, this question arises as to what effects did historical relations between Iran and China have on the design of hand woven carpets? What are the common and influential motifs in Iranian and Chinese carpets? By studies on the samples it has been determined that historical relations on Iranian samples lead to the production of carpets with gold and silver string. Design with Iranian garden and balance were also used on the Chinese carpets. The influences that arrived in Iran from China were also woven with the taste of Iranians and traveled to China again. such as peony and woven with gold and silver string. Also, different motifs arising from historical relations were identified, which are divided into three main categories: 1. Common motifs of Iran and China. 2. Chinese influential motifs on Iranian. 3. Iranian influential motifs on China.