Position of the Standard of fair and Equitable Treatment in International Investments Based on Arbitration

The standard or condition of fair and equitable treatment issues is one of the most basic standards of conduct in international investment law, according to which the host government must provide favorable conditions for the protection of foreign investor property per international law standards. Due to the ambiguity of this standard, different interpretations of it have been presented. In this article, the main question was what procedures the international arbitration regarding fair and equitable behavior, especially in the field of oil and gas, has taken place, and by collecting materials by library method and using analytical and descriptive research method, it has been argued that the various arbitral tribunals have set different thresholds for the establishment of balance and fairness, that the conduct of a country must reach that level before it can be considered a breach of equitable conduct, and it has been concluded that in each case violation of fair behavior has unique facts, and the most important result is precisely the specific nature of the truth in each of the fair trial claims, and although a flexible standard can be reliable for resolving a wide range of government misconduct, it remains somewhat uncertain.