Explanation and Leveling of Parametric Architectural Model Dimensions Based on Cultural Contextualism

Parametric architecture, as one of the significant design approaches in the contemporary era, has paved the way for diverse and creative design in the production of new forms for architects and urban designers. Despite the valuable results and potentials of parametric architecture, we see the formation of uncoordinated designs or poorly connected with the design context in some examples. It reduces the significance of cultural contexts in form design and the lack of differentiation of the architecture of different regions and the uniformity of cities and their architecture. Thus, given the weaknesses in the compatibility of designs with a parametric approach with the cultural components of the design context, it is significant to reread its relationship with cultural contextualism. In this regard, explaining the parametric architecture model based on cultural contextualism is necessary to identify the dimensions, criteria, and components to determine the effective and influential dimensions by leveling the dimensions and identifying the relationships between them. The present study was conducted to identify and level the dimensions of the parametric architecture model based on cultural contextualism. The method of this study in the first step is library research and literature review related to the primary fields of research to identify the criteria, components, and dimensions for building the model. In the second step, ISM approach and MICMAC analysis were used to level and identify the relationships and evaluate the degree of determining power of each dimension. The ISM approach is based on the evaluation and judgment of experts. The samples were selected using non-probabilistic and purposeful sampling. For this purpose, 25 experts in the fields of architecture, urban design, and urban planning participated in the study in two categories of academic and technical-experimental professors. Information related to the ISM approach was collected through a questionnaire and as a pairwise comparison of variables. Based on the related literature review, a model consisting of 44 criteria, 20 components, and 9 dimensions was explained. Also, the results of the ISM approach indicate that the relationships between variables can be distinguished in three levels. In the first level, variables are primarily the outcomes of the variables of the other two levels and can be observed as more objective variables. At the basic level of the dimensions of the desired model, the dimension of "Rule-based designing in accordance with the cultural context" can be observed. Apart from this dimension, which as a basic variable affects other dimensions and is less affected by them, other dimensions have a mutual relationship with each other. Thus, creating systematic structures and combining technical elements with cultural elements is the basic principle in reaching parametric architecture based on cultural contexts. For this purpose, cultural patterns should be integrated with mathematical and geometric relationships in such a way that cultural themes can be expressed in the regular geometric or free and complex geometry forms using computational methods. This requires achieving a common language in fields such as architecture, culture and mathematics to explain systematic and applicable patterns in contemporary architecture.