An Examination of Political and Social Conditions of Ibadism in Contemporary Oman (The Reign of King Qaboos)

Ibadism is a vibrant religious denomination in today’s world, poised to endure into the present age. Oman has historically served as the heartland of Ibadism, with key political and religious figures in the country assuming leadership roles within the Ibadi community. Presently, with conducive conditions, Ibadis have the opportunity to solidify their presence across various spheres, particularly in politics and society. This success owes much to King Qaboos, a prominent Ibadi figure in contemporary times and the ruler of Oman. From the outset of his reign, King Qaboos undertook measures to steer Oman out of isolation, modernizing governance and societal norms while respecting religious and cultural traditions. His social and political initiatives were structured within five-year plans, and he notably adopted the slogan "no to confiscation of thoughts" to engage dissenting voices. However, the challenge remains as to how this minority Islamic denomination can safeguard its identity amidst its limited followership. What are the prevailing political and social conditions of Ibadis in the contemporary era, and what factors contribute to their success? This article delves into these questions, drawing upon various sources to analyze Ibadism within the political and social landscape of King Qaboos's reign. It concludes that King Qaboos successfully garnered domestic support for his government while showcasing Oman and Ibadism on the global stage, highlighting their religious, doctrinal, and jurisprudential foundations. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach and utilizing library resources, this article explores the political and social dynamics of Ibadism during King Qaboos's rule.