Analyzing the Aesthetics of the Night Landscape Based on the Cultural Identity in the Urban Space

Visual factors in night landscape lighting can convey cultural and identity concepts in the form of signs. These visual signs can be called "cultural signs" in the night landscape. The principles and rules of native aesthetics of every city as a cultural identity in the form of a tool can be a model and framework for giving identity to the city through the lighting of the night landscape. The present research aims to achieve a model in the aesthetics of the urban nightscape that emphasizes cultural identity. This research can be considered as one of the development and applied research that is done with qualitative and descriptive methods. The desired variables of this research are qualitative and are measured through the reasoning of the relationship between them. The samples of the night scenery of Lyon, Sydney, Rotterdam, and Helsinki are examined. In all examples, a dimension of culture has been emphasized in the night scene. The findings of the research showed that paying attention to the cultural aspects of the night scene, along with paying attention to the aspects of visual beauty, are the secrets to improving the success of these examples. A cultural symbol is a tool that facilitates mental aesthetic practices, which will be able to emerge through the objective manifestations of the aesthetics of the night landscape. The results showed that the identity landscape is the outcome of combining subjective and objective factors, and if the aesthetics of the objective factors of the night landscape are designed and illuminated based on the extract of cultural aesthetics, the sense of identity in the night landscape should be continued.