the optimal pattern of rice cultivation in the direction of agricultural sustainability with an emphasis on reducing greenhouse gas emissions (Case study: South Bisheh of Babol city)

In this study, first, the epsilon constraint method is used to solve the multi-objective mathematical programming model, including three objectives maximizing the profit of the farmers in the region (economic objective), reducing water consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to the use of chemical fertilizers and fossil fuels (environmental objectives). ) was used and finally, using the max-min method, the best solution was selected from the Pareto set. The statistical population of the research are the farmers of South Bisheh region of Babol city. The relevant data were collected from the Regional Agricultural Jihad Department and the Satba Organization in 1400, and the model was optimized using Matlab software. The results showed with the implementation of the proposed model, the profit of the farmers of the region will increase from 621.900 to 710.212 million Rials per hectare compared to the current situation in the entire cropping season. Also, the results of the model suggested the optimal amount of energy consumption of 2864 kilowatt hours in the form of combined consumption (85% of fossil energy and 15% of solar energy) in irrigation water pumping. The optimal amount of water consumption was also 12553 cubic meters per hectare, which shows a savings of 0.05 compared to the current situation. In the last part of the results, by choosing the optimal cultivation pattern and the combined fossil-solar pump system in the irrigation of the region's lands, compared to the current conditions, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions has been reduced by 0.10%.