The role of the political underdevelopment of the second Pahlavi regime in the foundation of the Islamic revolution

Comprehensive development (economic, political and social development) is the concern of many political leaders of the world; however, in practice, the imbalance between different levels of development not only causes the ineffectiveness of the ruling regime, but also provides grounds for its downfall. On the other hand, the existence of successive political crises such as legitimacy crisis, identity crisis, participation crisis, influence crisis and distribution crisis leads a regime to the abyss of destruction. The second Pahlavi regime was not an exception to this rule in such a way that the imbalance in different levels of development (heterogeneity of development) and the existence of political crises provided the grounds for the victory of the Islamic revolution and the fall of the Pahlavi regime. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is the role of the political underdevelopment of the second Pahlavi regime in the Islamic revolution based on the theories of Lucian Pye and Samuel Huntington. The research method in this descriptive-analytical article and the data collection tool is library and internet. The results of the research show that the political underdevelopment of the Pahlavi regime as a result of the accumulation of legitimacy crisis, identity crisis, participation crisis, influence crisis and distribution crisis and development heterogeneity caused this regime not only did not solve them successfully, but these crises became dense and While making the regime ineffective, it destroyed Iran's modernization capacities and eventually caused the downfall of the Pahlavi regime and the victory of the Islamic Revolution.