Analysis of the characteristics of moral education from the point of view of Aristotle and Imam Mohammad Ghazali

In this article, the views of two of the greatest theorists of moral education have been examined. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to analyze the characteristics of moral education from the point of view of Aristotle and Imam Muhammad Ghazali, and it is to determine the commonality and difference of the views of these two, the reasons for the commonality (possibility of influence or adherence to common principles and foundations) and Analyze the difference (difference in approach). This research has been done in descriptive-analytical method based on library studies. Aristotle considers happiness as the ultimate goal of all human beings. He believes that happiness is worldly, that's why he examines the ways of human life in order to find happiness and comes to the conclusion that life is devoted to thoughts and reflection that includes happiness. Because the gods who enjoy the highest happiness have such lives. In his opinion, a person can achieve this happiness by acquiring the intellectual and moral virtues that are unique to him, and external blessings such as wealth and friends play a fundamental role in providing the necessary ground to access happiness. Like Aristotle, Ghazali discusses human happiness in his moral books. But unlike Aristotle, he considers happiness to be otherworldly; Because happiness, as the highest good, is related to the best part of our existence (the soul), and this part does not belong to this world, but its main place is the hereafter, and the soul reaches this happiness when it leaves the worldly world. According to Ghazali, there are two levels of happiness: the first level is reaching heaven, and the second level, which is the highest level of happiness, is knowing God. For this reason, Ghazali considers religious and Sufi virtues to be the most important factor in achieving happiness.