The Confusion of Contemporary Arms Experts Caused by theChaotic Writings of Engravers in the Safavid Era

In this article, we will focus on two types of chaotic writings, which we will refer to as «letter chaotic» and «digital chaotic.» The study of the first topic viewed as a type of calligraphy art and its deciphering is as entertaining as logo games will be quickly done with a few examples. However, we will reflect more on the topic of «numbers» because it discusses the carelessness of engravers and historians of the Safavid era in writing or ignoring “zero”, which is reminiscent of the carelessness of scribes in antiquities. The analysis of chaotic numerical writing requires us to review the history of the emergence of «zero» in Introduction. Misunderstandings arising from messy writing have created the belief in the minds of contemporary swordsmanship experts that for several centuries after the death of the two well-known swordsmiths, Kalbali Isfahani and Asadollah Isfahani, working for Shah Abbas the Great, some other master swordsmiths forged their signatures. In this article, we prove by discovering the correct encryption of the dates on the swords that after the death of these two masters, there was only one Kalbali II, who was a son of Master Asadollah I, and there was only one Asadollah II with no information about his father.