Land Suitability Analysis for Physical Development Based on Natural Criteria (Case Study: Bojnord-Iran)

Neglecting the selection of suitable land for urban and non-urban development, especially in areas with significant physical and natural challenges, can profoundly impact security, living costs, and ultimately lead to human and environmental disasters.

This research aimed to evaluate urban land suitability for physical development in Bojnord, North Khorasan, based on natural factors using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. Data collection was conducted through library and field research methods, while data analysis and calculations were performed using ArcGIS and Global Mapper 16 software. The study area encompassed the entire city of Bojnord and its surrounding regions. The evaluated indicators included slope, vegetation, faults, geological characteristics, elevation, rivers, groundwater, and soil type and erosion.

The findings revealed that, given the geographical and topographic characteristics of the city, only about 9% (8,804 hectares) of the available land (primarily in the northwestern and southern parts of the city) was classified as very suitable or suitable, approximately 9.98% (9,869 hectares) as moderately suitable, and 81% as unsuitable or very unsuitable.

Land-use planning for Bojnord requires high sensitivity, and it is crucial to incorporate the results of land suitability studies in future urban development strategies.