The Effect of Aerobic-Resistance Training on Anti-Mullerian Hormone Levels, Physical Fitness, Body Composition and Ultrasonographic Findings in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting 5-8% of women of reproductive age, often leading to infertility, metabolic disorders, and increased androgen levels. This study investigates the effect of an eight-week aerobic-resistance training exercise training on Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) levels, physical fitness, body composition, and ultrasonographic findings in women with PCOS.

A quasi-experimental design was implemented with 25 women randomly assigned to either an experimental group (EG, N=13) or a control group (CG, N=12). EG participated in eight-week aerobic resistance training, while the control group maintained regular activity. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were taken for plasma AMH levels, body composition, physical fitness, and ultrasonographic evaluations of ovarian cysts.

This study showed a significant decrease in body weight, body mass index (BMI), and AMH levels, on the other hand, the result showed that improvement in aerobic and anaerobic power in the EG compared to the CG (P<0.05), while no significant reduction in ovarian cyst size was observed.

These findings suggest that aerobic-resistance training may contribute to better management of body composition and hormonal levels in women with PCOS, enhancing their overall fitness and potentially improving reproductive outcomes. The study emphasizes the importance of non-pharmacological interventions, such as structured exercise programs, in managing the complex metabolic and reproductive challenges associated with PCOS. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of such interventions on ovarian function and fertility outcomes.