The Effectiveness of Attribution Training on Resilience ,Achievement Emotions and Self-Esteem in Secondary High School Girls in Arak City

The purpose of this study was to explain the effectiveness of attribution training on self-esteem, resilience and achievement emotions of students. The present study was a pilot study with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all high school female students of Arak city who were studying during the school year 2022-2023. From this society, 30 students were selected by cluster sampling and pre-test was performed. From this sample, 15 students in the experimental group and 15 students in the control group were randomly lost. Then the training sessions were applied to the test group. Then, from both groups, the post-test was performed. The instruments used in this study were Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale (1965) and Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (2002). Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results showed significant improvement in self-esteem scores, resiliency and achievement emotional of the group as compared with the control group. Therefore, teaching documents can be used to help students improve their academic performance.