Exploring the Role of Wnt Signaling Pathway in Orthopedic Health and Disease: Mini-review

The intricate orchestration of cell types and developmental processes in multicellular organisms hinges upon signaling pathways, such as Wnt, which play a pivotal role in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Over the past four decades, significant efforts have been made to elucidate the complexities of the Wnt signaling pathway and its diverse physiological functions. Wnt signaling has emerged as a crucial regulator in orthopedic contexts, particularly in fracture healing and osteoarthritis. This review delves into the intricate involvement of the Wnt pathway in these orthopedic conditions and explores its impact on bone formation, chondrogenesis, and joint pathologies. Moreover, it examines the therapeutic potential of targeting Wnt signaling in the treatment of osteoporosis, highlighting the promising avenues opened by advancements in understanding rare bone disorders, such as sclerosteosis and van Buchem disease. By elucidating the multifaceted roles of Wnt signaling in orthopedic health and disease, this review offers insights into potential therapeutic strategies to enhance fracture healing, mitigate osteoarthritis progression, and address bone-related disorders.