Determining the features of urban planning and efficient urban management in climate change control (case study : Mashhad Municipality)

Due to the accumulation of the largest population and wealth in urban areas, climate change has had the highest consequences in these areas. The most important system that manages these changes is the municipality through the urban planning system; for this reason, it should be determined whether this system has the necessary characteristics in this field or not. The descriptive-exploratory research method was chosen. In the exploratory stage, all the experts working in the departments of crisis management, municipality, environment, and regional water were the effective factors in urban planning through Delphi. Among this group, 30 of them were selected by purposeful sampling. In the second stage, the situation of Mashhad municipality was carefully evaluated with a sample of 385 people to evaluate the basic components of an efficient system through exploratory factor analysis. For data analysis, factor analysis, variance analysis, and Bonferroni post hoc test were used. The results showed that a total of 30 factors are involved in this field, the most important of which are foresight, smart management, and technological infrastructure. The results of the second stage determined that ten main groups have a clear and direct influence in this area, which are, in order of importance: strategic, organizational, technological, information, academic, cultural, social, human, competitive, and environmental dimensions. According to the evaluations conducted in this study, it was found that these indicators collectively explained 62% of the total variance, and the rest was related to factors and contexts that were not considered in this study. Of course, there are clear differences among the factors and indicators mentioned, and therefore, conditions must be created for their activity and effectiveness, considering the priorities set for each of them. To achieve cities that are environmentally sustainable, socially inclusive, and economically vibrant, urban planning must consider strategic, organizational, and technological dimensions in a way that works in tandem and reinforces each other. In this situation, while providing social platforms to reduce the consequences of climate change, the ability to adapt will also increase significantly. In this sector, cultural dimensions are the most influential. Because these conditions prepare society mentally and intellectually to coexist with such changes. Despite the fact that the managerial, informational, and competitive dimensions are in completely different positions, the results of this study showed that these dimensions can have a significant impact on the appropriate performance of the municipality in utilizing urban planning knowledge to control and manage the consequences of climate change. In order to control and manage climate change through urban planning, it is necessary to somehow create a consensus among the elites. Therefore, if these factors are carefully considered in urban management and planning, a large part of the inappropriate consequences of climate change will be controlled and managed. This study is one of the few studies that have been carried out in the field of the climate change-urban planning conundrum and corresponding responses. The findings of this research can help ensure that physical developments don't take place in flood-prone areas and buildings meet the requirements of city authorities to improve risk management and enhance response to disasters.