Identification of Promising Areas for Geothermal Energy Using Satellite Data in Shut-Maku On Azerbaijan Province

Areas with geothermal potential naturally have evidence on the ground surface that is used in geothermal energy exploration projects to initially locate these areas. The purpose of this research is to identify areas with surface geothermal energy potential by combining the surface temperature and energy flow resulting from the Sabal algorithm using the thermal sensor data of Landsat 8 and 9 satellites in Shut-Mako region of West Azarbaijan province located on the northwest of the country. For this purpose, Landsat 8 satellite images on August 14, 2023 and Landsat 9 data on September 7, 2023 were used. Then, using the split window algorithm, the temperature map of the land surface Temperature was estimated. Then, using the Sentinel 3 thermal sensor image, the estimated temperature was Validation using the linear regression analysis model. Next, using the Sebal Algorithm, the amount of net radiation received by the surface, net energy directed to the ground and the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the surface estimated, for minimize the effect of solar radiation on the estimated land surface temperature. By combining the thermal flows estimated from the Sebal algorithm and estimated land surface temperature, the geothermal energy potential areas were identified and determined. The natural hot spring as one of the evidences of geothermal energy, confirmed the pixels obtained in the final map results and showed that there are areas in the study area that have a high potential for geothermal Energy.