The effect of participative leadership and motivational strategies on creative problem solving with emphasis on the mediating role of self-efficacy beliefs

The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of collaborative leadership and motivational strategies on creative problem solving among graduate students of Ilam University, taking into account the mediating role of self-efficacy beliefs. In terms of purpose, this research is practical and in terms of the method of data collection, it is a descriptive survey. The statistical population includes all graduate students of Ilam University in the academic year of 1400-1401, numbering 538 people, of which 233 people were selected as a sample by Cochran's formula. The main tool for data collection is a questionnaire with 25 items, which is a combination of Carton's (2010) participatory leadership questionnaires, Pintrich and DeGroot's (1990) motivational strategies, Chu and Lin's (2010) creative problem solving, and self-efficacy beliefs. Sherer et al. (1982). The data were analyzed in the framework of partial least squares approach and Smart PLS software. Research findings showed that collaborative leadership has a significant and positive effect on creative problem solving and self-efficacy beliefs. Motivational strategies have a significant and positive effect on creative problem solving and self-efficacy beliefs. Also, self-efficacy beliefs have a significant and positive effect on creative problem solving. And finally, this variable has an indirect mediating effect between motivational strategies and creative problem solving. It is concluded that the ability to solve problems in a scientific, creative and innovative way by the society and especially in organizations is considered an essential factor in the development and progress of countries, Therefore, by creating factors such as collaborative leadership, motivation and self-efficacy among people, the field of creative problem solving is provided.