A Systematic Review of the Microfinance Literature: An ADO-TCM Framework Approach

Microfinance, recognized as a transformative approach in economic and social development, particularly within low-income communities, has garnered increasing attention. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of microfinance literature utilizing a framework-based approach grounded in the ADO-TCM model, which employs the meta-synthesis approach. This framework provides an in-depth analysis of the structure of relevant studies, encompassing predecessors, research decisions, research outcomes (ADO), utilized theories, study contexts, and research methods (TCM). An extensive search in reputable scientific databases yielded 50 highly cited articles related to microfinance, which were then subjected to in-depth content analysis. Relevant constructs were extracted using open and axial coding strategies, leading to the identification of seven categories of predecessors, eight types of research decisions, and six primary outcomes. Furthermore, this study identified 14 theories, seven study contexts, and three research methods pertinent to microfinance. Consequently, the study highlights existing gaps in current research and suggests future research areas to enhance microfinance strategies and increase their impact.