Morphologic changes in fresh and vitrified mouse ovaries after retinol palmitate administration

Retinoids have been suggested to play a role in oogenesis and oocyte survival.

In the present study the effects of retinol palmitate were investigated on differentialfollicular counts in response to superovulation as well as follicle quality after vitrification of ovaries.

Ten, 4 week old female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to eitherparaffin (n=5) or retinol palmitate (n=5) administration. Vitamin A administered animals received(i.p.) 250 IU retinol palmitate, dissolved in 0.1 ml of paraffin oil on days one and ten followed bysuperovulation with 10 IU PMSG. Paraffin administered mice were only treated with 0.1 ml ofparaffin oil. The collected left ovaries from both paraffin and vitamin A administered groups wereconsidered as non-vitrified and the collected right ovaries from both treated groups underwentvitrification. Ovaries in the vitrified group were frozen sequentially by placing into two vitrificationsolutions {VS1: 10% ethylene glycol (EG), 10% DMSO in holding medium (TCM-199 + 20% FBS:HM) and VS2: 20% EG, 20% DMSO in HM}. After warming, recovered ovaries as well as nonvitrifiedovaries were serially sectioned and examined histopathologically.

The proportion of antral follicles in the non-vitrified ovaries from vitamin A administeredmice was statistically higher than the non-vitrified ovaries from paraffin administered group (29.4%vs. 15.6%, respectively; p<0.001). No difference due to retinol palmitate injection was observed forthe rate of small follicles between the two non-vitrified groups. The percentage of damaged folliclesdid not show any significant differences between the two vitrified groups (76% vs. 79%).

Our results demonstrate that administration of retinol palmitate may improve theresponse to superovulation through the shift of follicular growth towards antral follicle development.However, no positive effect of retinol palmitate in the quality of follicles is probable when ovariesare vitrified.