The political activities of twelver Shi ites in Iran (From the arrival of Muslims to the establishment of Safavid reign)

The first example of the socio-political activities of the Iranian Shica was their participation in struggles initiated by Arab dissident immigrants with the slogan that al-Reza was from the progeny of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). During the Umayyad and Abbasid tyranny as well as during the dominance of Ghaznavid and Saljuqid Turks over Iran, the Shica followed quietist policies based on religious ruling, carrying out secret cultural activities which culminated at the end of the reign of Malikshah, a Saljuqid.With the Mongol dominance over Iran and Baghdad the political supremacy of Sunnis disappeared and even for a while Shi’ism was recognized in Iran. During Tymorid reign Shi’ism and Sunnism were going to reconcile their differences though a tendency existed towards Shi’ism.The ceaseless and vigorous efforts made by the Shica in a variety of ways succeeded after nine centuries, with the recognition of Shiism as the religion of the country by Safavid Shah Ismail.