The Role of Tourism Industry in Rural Development

Tourism is a process that has long existed in its certain forms in human societies, and has gradually evolved through historical periods. This phenomenon is generally based on the main factor of travel and movement, which itself is a result of various psychological, cultural, social and economic needs of man. Over the past years, world-wide tourism and international travel were considered as luxurious even for those who enjoyed high financial power, and were considered as being done merely for fun and entertainment, while today the tourism industry is one of the world's largest industries. Today, in most countries of the world, especially developing countries, in spite of past mistakes and implementation of inappropriate policies in the tourism industry which have led to enormous social and environmental costs, the development and prosperity of this industry is becoming increasingly important, and new trainings and strategies have started to provide inexpensive continental tours which have many enthusiasts (Razavi, 1995). An extraordinary increase in travel to attractive destinations with the goal of optimal use of leisure time has created special infrastructures and facilities and job opportunities for local people in tourist areas. Thus, over time, the tourism industry has been highly regarded by developed and developing countries, because tourism development, especially the increase in the number of international tourists, will boost a wide range of economic activities of the host country or region. Of course, the development of tourism industry is of paramount importance for developing countries, which are faced with such problems as high unemployment, limited foreign exchange reserves and single-product economy (Jame’ii, 1995). In this paper, we try to analyze the role of the tourism industry in rural development. So far, the most attention has been paid to urban areas and natural and cultural attractions. Therefore, considering the importance of rural tourism and the role it plays in rural development is of major importance.