Albuminuria and Its Risk Factors in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

The earliest sign of renal involvement is an elevated rate of urinary albumin excretion. One of the strongest predictors of microalbuminuria is the duration of diabetes. However, population-based studies reported albuminuria in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients at diagnosis.

In this cross-sectional study,235 (32. 3% male and 67.7% female) newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, from the Isfahan endocrine and metabolism research center were enrolled. The patients were evaluated for age, height, weight, cigarette smoking, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, serum lipid and lipoprotein, triglyceride and albuminuria. Urinary albumin excretion was determined from timed 24-h. Albuminuria were defined as urinary albumin excretion above > 30 mg/24 h. Mean age was 49.2±9.2 year and BMI 28/8±4/9 Kg/m2. The prevalence of albuminuria was 16.6% and more prevalent in males than females. (27.6% being more 11.6% respectively). In albuminuric patients mean of age, BMI, diastolic and systolic blood pressure were higher than in the normoalbuminric individuals, whereas no differences were seen in cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid profiles or smoking between the groups. In a logistic regression analysis, male sex, hypertension and retinopathy, are independent risk factors for albuminuria.

These data suggest that an appreciable percentage of individuals have abnormal albumin excretion within the first year after the onset of type 2 diabetes. These findings suggest that urinary tests for albuminuia at diagnosis and control of risk factors in Type 2 diabetic patients can decrease progression of diabetic neohropathy.