The Research on the Geomorphologic Evaluations of Kahak Playa, Southern Khorasan Province, Basis on Using Satellite Images and Fuzzy Logic Methods

Playas are one of the main saline environments. The global extent of primary salt-affected soils is about 955 million hectar, while secondary salinization affects some 77 million hectare, with 58% of these in irrigated areas. This requires careful monitoring of the soil salinity status and variation to curb degradation trends, and secure sustainable land use and management.Remote sensing facilitates cross-scale validation, enables analysis of processes and patterns in time and space, so viable for the conduct of earth system science. Multi-temporal optical and microwave remote sensing can significantly contribute to detecting temporal changes of salt-related surface features (up to here all writings are literature reviews, move them to the introduction section). This paper reviews aerial photographs, satellite imagery and approaches used for remote identification and mapping of salt-affected areas in south Khorasan, Iran. Remote sensing data for mapping salt affected areas are shown to be related to the spectral behaviors of actual salt types, spatial distribution of salts on the terrain surface, temporal changes of salinity, interference of vegetation, and spectral confusions with other terrain surfaces.Kahak Playa is located in the south Khorasan.In this paper, techniques such as spectral un-mixing, maximum likelihood classification band rationing and fuzzy classification are discussed. This contribution presents modeling of temporal and spatial changes of salinity and Playa-developing using combined approaches that incorporate different data fusion and data integration techniques.