Unity in Philosophy of Science

In the present article, the author notes that the term "unity" in the philosophy of science is discussed sometimes under "explanation" and some other times, it is discussed independently as the goal of scientific activity. In the present article, of course, the author focuses on the notionof "unity" itself. In what follows, he says that what causes various sciences of an era to be categorized under a single and common term, "science", is the fact that they have a common paradigm, i.e. a common collection of values, goals, methodologies, and social organization. Then, taking the term "paradigm" as a basis, he discusses the popular idea of physicalism. Here, the author notes that, in this way, terms are reduced to particular physical terms, rules are reduced to physical rules, and explanations are reduced to Hemple D-N explanations. What is claimed in physicalism is introduced, in principle, in two ways: firstly, ontologically, which is a metaphysical claim; and secondly, logically and linguistically. In what follows, a question is discussed: "Has one to have a single science with its own rules and terms as the only way to unify sciences; or may he conceive of other kinds of unity? In addition to be discussed at the level of rules and terms, this question is discussed paradigmatically in the present article.