GESTATION DIABETES MELLITUS INCIDENCE IN THE PREGNANT WOMEN REFERRED TO URMIA MEDICAL CENTERS

Gestational diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a carbohydrate intolerance disease with various grades that begins in pregnancy period and is defined with the first diagnosis of carbohydrate intolerance in this period. Most information about this disorder is gained in the United States. In the current study we tried to collect more information about this disorder and determine its incidence in Urmia. In this study we chose 84 pregnant women referring to Urmia medical centers that were in their 24th to 28th weeks of pregnancy and did not have any pre- pregnancy history of diabetes or any specific drug consumption. Pancreatic diseases, hormonal syndromes like cushing syndrome, acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, primary aldostronism glucogonoma, etc. and any kind of genetic disorders. We did fast blood sugar (FBS) test as well as screening test by 50 grams oral glucose at first and than glucose tolerance test by 100 grams glucose on the patients with screening test result of more than 130 mg/dl. We diagnosed gestation diabetes in those patients that had positive results of the glucose tolerance test by 100 grams glucose based on diagnostic criterions of Carpenter and Coustan. From all 84 women that were studied, 30 (35.7%) had glucose plasma equal or more than 130 mg/dL after consumption of 50 grams of oral glucose. We then did glucose tolerance test by 100 grams glucose on this group among whom 12 women (14.28% of all) didnt have glucose tolerance abnormalities or GDM, 8 women (9.5% of all) had only glucose tolerance deficiency, and 10 (11.9% of all) were diagnosed as GDM patients. Only two women (2.38% of all or 3.7% of under 25 years old patients) with the ages under 25 years old were diagnosed as GDM sufferers, and 8 (9.5% of all or 26.6% of above 25 years old patients) with the ages above 25 years old (mean 33.75  4.2) were diagnosed as GDM patients. GDM incidence was 11.9% among the women that were studied which is parallel to the results of other studies. It gained its incidence between 1 to 14 percent in various communities.