EFFECT OF HIGH FRUCTOSE ENRICHED DIET ON PLASMA LIPID PROFILE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HEART AND KIDNEY OF RAT

Although there is little evidence that modest amounts of fructose have detrimental effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms, larger doses of fructose have been associated with numerous metabolic abnormalities and induce oxidative stress in human and laboratory animals. This study was done to investigate the effects of high fructose enriched diet (65.1%) on plasma lipid profile and some markers of oxidative stress in heart and kidney in rats.

Sixteen Male adult Wistar rats with body weight of 213±5 g were divided into two control and Fructose groups each group consisted of eight rats which received their appropriate diets for a six-week period. Food and fluid intake thrice and body weight changes were monitored weekly. At the end of the experimental period, plasma was collected and used for measurement of HDL-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and total antioxidant capacity by appropriate kits. The heart and kidneys were homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline (pH7.4) and in their Supernatants Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehayde (MDA) were measured by appropriate kits. Independent sample T-test was used for statistical analysis in SPSS.

Fructose made no significant difference in body weight, fluid intake, and total antioxidant capacity (P>0.05). Fructose significantly decreased food intake of rats at the end of experimental period (P=0.000). Fructose significantly increased TG (P=0.040) in plasma and MDA in heart (p=0.000) and kidneys (P=0.002), reduced activity of GPX in heart (P=0.052) and kidneys (P=0.018) and SOD in heart (P=0.047) and kidneys (P=0.034) of rats compare with the control group.

This study shows that Fructose enriched diet significantly increases TG in plasma, MDA in heart and kidneys and reduces GPX and SOD in heart and kidneys of rats. Using this diet may enhance metabolic dysfunctions and oxidative stress in rats.