Religion and Science in Social Sciences: From Conflict to Interaction

The transmission from the traditional society to modern one and the decline of the position of religion in modern period, cause to the formation of theoretical and sociological challenges in relation with the position of religion and its relationship with science. In this investigation we have tried to study some of the classical and cotemporary ideas about the relation of these two knowledge spheres (epistemic fields) through an approach of tripartite categorization (conflict, distinction and interaction) to the relation of science and religion. The investigation results show that the classical approaches based on conflict, change to new approach based on the interaction between science and religion in the social science theories that lead to a kind of friendly coexistence between modernity and science, on one hand, and religion in a pluralistic framework, on the other. This new approach, in its turn, is important in the revision of the theories of secularization.