Heavy Metals and Their Incurred Disturbances in Aquatic Organisms

Human irregular interferences with the purpose of exploitation from natural resources continue to increases which have detrimental effects on environment, particularly, on aquatic ecosystems. Some pollutants like Nickel, Vanadium, and Cobalt, namely three important indicators of oil pollution, have negative impacts on aquatic organisms` metabolism through marine exploitation, oil products transportation or industrial/power plants-related waste waters. These impacts generate in the manner of bioaccumulation. For example, Vanadium affects on genetic and evolutionary level of aquatic organisms. Nickel develops in aquatic organisms especially in gonads and Cobalt influences on enzyme-related activities, negatively.This paper tries to investigate entry ways of these elements into aquatic environments and study their mechanisms and effects on aquatic organisms. Results show that factors like pH, temperature, and amount of Oxygen are effective on heavy metals (like Ni, V, and Co) entry and accumulation in aquatic organisms as they cause tension and disturbance in enzyme system as well as DNA of these creatures.