Public Culture and Social Relations of Iranians In the View Points of European Travel Writers During the Qajar and Pahlavi Dynasties

Faculty Member of the Culture, Art and Communications Institute; This article aims to explore the Public culture and social relations of Iranians including numerous behaviors observed by European travel writers who traveled to Iran during the Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties. The methodology adopted for this analysis consists of a study on the importance of these two eras in the contemporary history of Iran, followed by a brief history of travel in Iran. The subsequent parts are allocated to European travel writers and travel books of the Qajar era and to an exploration of their views on the for mentioned issues. In addition, with regard to the prominence of Persian language and literature in Iranian culture, a separate part is devoted entirely to this topic. The final part, with an overview of the Pahlavi era, surveys views and opinions of travel writers on culture and social relations of Iranians in this era