Acute Effect of One Incremental Exhausting Cycling Session with Hand on the Response of T and NK Cells of Immune System in Student Athletes

Various sorts of physical activites cause various changes in body immune system. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effect of one incremental exhausting cycling session with hand on the response of T and NK cells of immune system of male physical education students. In this study, twenty male subjects with mean age of 22.4±1.8(SD) years, mean Vo2 max 41.7±7.1(SD) ml/kg/min and mean BMI 23±1.87(SD) kg/m2 were divided randomly into control(n=10) and experimental group(n=10). The subjects of experimental group performed Sawaka. Protocol, whereas the subjects of control group did not participate in any exercise activity. Blood samples were taken from brachial vein of control and experimental subjects during pre-test, post-test and two hours after the end of exercise. For analysis of statistical data, t-independent and t-correlated tests (=0.05 significant) were used. Immediately after training, the percentage of CD8 (T) and CD16.56 (NK) cells increased significantly (P≤0.005, P≤0.001). On the other hand, the ratio of CD4/CD8 cells and the percentage of CD4 (T) cells showed significant decrease (P≤0.002, P≤0.001). In addition, the percentage of CD56 and CD16 (NK) cells did not change significantly. It is worth mentioning that these changes after two hours returned to the normal state at the end of the sport test (P≤0.251, P≤0.229). One acute training session with hand causes both increase and decrease in T and NK cells of immune system function. But, these changes are temporary and return back to normal levels within a few hours.