Prevalence and risk factors of acquired Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in educational and treatment centers in Ghazvin from 2005 to 2007

Control and treatment of Nosocomial infections due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a worldwide problem. The study aimed to detect the prevalence and risk factors of acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in educational and medical centers in Qazvin from 2005 to 2007. This cross sectional study was performed in three educational and medical centers in Qazvin (2005-2007). The nasal samples were obtained from patients on admission and after discharge. Isolation and detection of S. aureus isolates using Oxacillin screening plates were performed according to Clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) procedure. Other personal informations were obtained by questionnaire, face to face conversation or from patient's documents. The data were analyzed by qui-square test. From the 1083 patients upon admission, 56 (5.2%) carried S. aureus, of which 51(4.7%) of them were methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) strains, and 5 (0.5%) were found to be MRSA. From the 793 remaining patients at the time of discharge, 79 (10%) and 15 (1.9%) were colonized with these strains, respectively. Risk factors of MRSA colonization were hospitalized duration, admission, prescribed antibiotics (especially Ciprofloxacin) and using Angiocat (P<0.05). There was no significant relation between other variations and MRSA colonization (P>0.05). These findings showed the existence of MRSA strains in Ghazvin population. The incidence of MSSA and MRSA colonization with hospitalizing increased 2.1 and 3.8 respectively in comparison with the carrier state on admission. This will be increased for MRSA and its isolation seems to have a direct relation with the length of hospitalization, especially in surgery and internal medicine words, ciprofloxacin use, and use of Angiocat.