Investigation of genetic diversity and relationship among agronomic and morphological traits in a part of wheat germpalsm of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran

In this research, 511 accessions of wheat collection of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran belonging to 19 different countries were investigated. Coefficient of variation indicated the usefulness of diversity in grain yield and its components, rather than phenologic traits, to be utilized in breedingprograms. The largest positive coefficient of correlation and was observed between grain yield of 5 spikes (as a trait) and number of seeds per spike and the largest negative coefficient of correlation was observed between flowering time and seed filling period. Multiple linear stepwise regression was performed by grain yield of 5 spikes as the dependent variable and six traits of number of seeds per spike, 100-grains weight, number of spikelets per spike, maturity time, number of florlet per spikelet and spike length entered the model. Results of path analysis indicated that number of seeds per spike had the largest positive effect on grain yield of 5 spikes. Five principal components comprised 81.65% of the total variation In data in principal component analysis based on origin of accessions. Accession of china and Uruguay had the lowest and of USA and former East Germany had the largest similarity based on Euclidean distance. Results of cluster analysis discriminated the origins of accessions in 4 groups. Multivariate analysis based on all quantitative confirmed the significant difference among four mentioned groups.